Measured Data

Specific Heat

Experiments for specific heat [J/(kg K)], or heat capacity, were conducted using a heat flow meter on unconditioned and dried samples at 10 °C, 20 °C, 30 °C and 40 °C.

Dried

Temperature (C) Specific Heat Mean (J/kg-K) Standard Deviation (J/kg-K)
10.0 1223.0 1.0
20.0 1263.0 8.0
30.0 1304.0 12.0
40.0 1346.0 3.0

Thermal Conductivity

Experiments for thermal conductivity [W/(m K)] were conducted using a heat flow meter on unconditioned and dried samples at 15 °C and either 45 °C or 65 °C.

Dried

Temperature (C) Conductivity Mean (W/m-K) Standard Deviation (W/m-K)
15.0 0.360 0.015
45.0 0.386 0.015

Mass Loss Rate (MLR)

Initial-mass-normalized mass loss rate [1/s] was measured in the simultaneous thermal analyzer experiments at three heating rates: 3 K/min, 10 K/min, and 30 K/min.

Simultaneous Thermal Analyzer

Specific Heat Release Rate

Experiments for specific heat release rate [W/g], were conducted using a micro-scale combustion calorimeter at a heating rate of 30 K/min.

Derived Data

Temperature at Onset of Decomposition

The temperature at onset of decomposition [Tonset] is a derived quantity computed from data collected in simultaneous thermal analyzer experiments.

10 °C/min
Mean Onset Temperature (°C) 164
Std. Dev. Onset Temperature (°C) 1
Mean Normalized MLR at Onset (1/s) 3.31e-04
Std. Dev. Normalized MLR at Onset (1/s) 0.38e-04
Mean Mass Fraction at Onset 0.99
Std. Dev. Mass Fraction at Onset 0.00
Mean Temperature at end of Decomposition (°C) 441
Std. Dev. Temperature at end of Decomposition (°C) 3

Band Averaged Emissivity

Band averaged emissivity was calculated from reflectance measurements conducted with an integrating sphere and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer.

Source Temperature [K] Emissivity Std. Dev.
600.0 0.963 0.001
800.0 0.963 0.001
1000.0 0.958 0.001
1200.0 0.950 0.002
1400.0 0.941 0.003
1600.0 0.933 0.004
1800.0 0.926 0.005
2000.0 0.919 0.005

Effective Heat of Combustion (Δhc)

Effective heat of combustion [MJ/kg] is calculated from data collected in micro-scale combustion calorimeter experiments.

Micro-scale Combustion Calorimeter

Value R1 R2 R3 Mean Std. Dev.
Heat of Combustion (MJ/kg) 12.71 12.99 11.72 12.47 0.54