Experiments for specific heat [J/(kg K)], or heat capacity, were conducted using a heat flow meter on unconditioned and dried samples at 10 °C, 20 °C, 30 °C and 40 °C.

Experiments for thermal conductivity [k] were conducted using a heat flow meter on unconditioned samples at 15 °C and 45 °C.

Initial-mass-normalized mass loss rate [1/s] was measured in the simultaneous thermal analyzer experiments at three heating rates: 3 K/min, 10 K/min, and 30 K/min and mass loss rate [g/s] in the cone calorimeter at three heat fluxes: 25 kW/m², 50 kW/m², and 75 kW/m².

Cone Calorimeter Test Notes:
Samples were tested without compression of the material. The sample preparation consisted of filling a pre-formed, 5 cm deep aluminum foil tray with cellulose insulation, and attempting to achieve homogenous packing density. At the 50 kW/m² and 75 kW/m² exposures, ignition occurred in less than 1 second -- faster than the recorded time.

Experiments for heat release per unit area [kW/m²] were conducted on samples conditioned at 20°C and 50% relative humidity using a cone calorimeter at three different heat fluxes: 25 kW/m², 50 kW/m², and 75 kW/m².

Samples were tested without compression of the material. The sample preparation consisted of filling a pre-formed, 5 cm deep aluminum foil tray with cellulose insulation, and attempting to achieve homogenous packing density. At the 50 kW/m² and 75 kW/m² exposures, ignition occurred in less than 1 second -- faster than the recorded time.

Carbon monoxide yield was measured during cone calorimeter experiments conducted at heat fluxes of 25 kW/m², 50 kW/m², and 75 kW/m².

Samples were tested without compression of the material. The sample preparation consisted of filling a pre-formed, 5 cm deep aluminum foil tray with cellulose insulation, and attempting to achieve homogenous packing density. At the 50 kW/m² and 75 kW/m² exposures, ignition occurred in less than 1 second -- faster than the recorded time.

Experiments for specific heat release rate [W/g], were conducted using a micro-scale combustion calorimeter at a heating rate of 30 K/min.

Effective heat of combustion [MJ/kg] is calculated from data collected in both micro-scale combustion calorimeter experiments and cone calorimeter experiments.

Cone Calorimeter Test Notes:
Samples were tested without compression of the material. The sample preparation consisted of filling a pre-formed, 5 cm deep aluminum foil tray with cellulose insulation, and attempting to achieve homogenous packing density. At the 50 kW/m² and 75 kW/m² exposures, ignition occurred in less than 1 second -- faster than the recorded time.

Band averaged emissivity was calculated from reflectance measurements conducted with an integrating sphere and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer.